A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Community Interventions on the Burden, Depression, and Anxiety of Family Caregivers for Elderly Individuals with Dementia - Abstract
Background: As society ages rapidly, the prevalence of dementia among the elderly is increasing, which imposes a significant burden on families and
society. Family caregivers, who primarily support elderly individuals with dementia, experience various pressures, including physical, psychological, economic,
and social stresses during long-term care. These pressures make them particularly vulnerable to depression and other psychological disorders. Consequently,
alleviating the stress and depressive symptoms of these family caregivers has emerged as a pressing societal concern. Communities, serving as essential links
between families and the broader society, offer unique opportunities for support and intervention.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of community interventions on the burden, anxiety, and depression experienced by family caregivers of
elderly individuals with dementia residing at home.
Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and
PsycINFO until January 2025. Two independent reviewers selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria and extracted data
separately. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed using the methodology recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of
Interventions. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: The meta-analysis of 23 studies showed that community interventions positively affect the burden, depression, and anxiety of family caregivers
for elderly individuals with dementia, as well as reduce caregiving stress (SMD = -0.3; 95% CI -0.39 to -0.21; p < .001), depression (SMD = -0.6; 95% CI -0.75 to -0.47; p < .001), and anxiety (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI -0.5 to -0.14; p < .001). Additional findings suggest that these interventions may also enhance
the quality of life.
Conclusion: Community-based supportive interventions significantly improve depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and anxiety among family caregivers
of individuals with dementia and potentially benefit the care recipients themselves. Both online and offline interventions are effective, suggesting that future
research should explore hybrid models that integrate these approaches to optimize the health outcomes of family caregivers and their care recipients