Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that damages nerve cells, leading to the eventual paralysis of the entire body and often resulting in death. Currently, there is no treatment to reverse the damage to motor neurons or cure ALS. Early and sensitive detection of ALS can significantly improve the quality of life. The recent discovery of ALS-associated biomarkers offers hope not only for diagnosing ALS in its early and asymptomatic stages but also for providing therapeutic monitoring. Electrochemical and spectroscopic bio sensing methods show promise for simple and sensitive detection of ALS biomarkers. There is a need for increased attention to developing diagnostic methods that can accurately determine ALS and its subtypes, differentiating ALS from other neurodegenerative diseases that share common biomarkers. This overview aims to shed light on ALS biomarker detection using electrochemical and spectroscopic methods, hoping to emphasize the existing gaps in the field and the necessity to build sensing platforms that can offer more specific and accurate ALS diagnoses.