Respiratory Distress due to Significant Hepatosplenomegaly Revealing Acute Leukemia Complicated by Macrophage Activation Syndrome - Abstract
Abstract Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) or Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an anatomoclinical entity characterized by the phagocytosis of blood cells by macrophages in response to a supra-physiological stimulation of phagocytic cells by a cytokine storm [1].It is a rare entity (incidence: 1 in 800,000 in the pediatric population [2]), but a severe condition [3] considered a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Its diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and histopathological evidence [3]. Here, we report the case of a 3-year-old child admitted to our department for management of respiratory distress due to significant hepatosplenomegaly, revealing acute leukemia complicated by MAS.