There is much more going on in short-term memory than simply storing information. Today we know that it is part of a more complex system with a special and complex retention system, which is in close cooperation with long-term memory and consists of interacting subsystems. This system constitutes working memory, is involved in a large part of cognitive functions, and is responsible for the temporary retention of information, but also for its active manipulation. Numerous positive correlations have been recorded between comprehension tasks and working memory functions, and between tasks of phonological coding, central processing and auditory comprehension of language. This reinforces the position that emphasizes the function of language comprehension as a dynamic and active process of managing representations at multiple levels, in which limited spatiotemporal working memory plays a key role.