Gait Speed and Spatiotemporal Strategies in Young-Old and Middle-Old Adults - Abstract
Background: The timed up and go (TUG) is a commonly used field-test for clinicians to evaluate physical function and risk of falling in older adults.
Alterations in gait are well reported both with age and falls risk, however reported normative spatiotemporal gait metrics vary across studies in healthy older
adults.
Purpose: This study aimed to quantify spatiotemporal gait strategies in young-old and middle-old adults during a 6-meter Timed Up and Go (TUG)
assessment.
Methods: Participants were recruited from a tri-weekly exercise group on campus and asked to complete three TUG trials across a pressure-sensor
walkway. Time to complete the TUG (tTUG), gait speed (SPD), cadence (CAD), and stride length (avSL) were measured. The first step upon standing and TUG
turn-around occurred off the walkway and were not included in gait analysis. Pearson correlations were completed across the sample size and within young- old
(YO) and middle-old (MO) groups. Un-paired t-tests were used to compare YO and MO.
Results: 20 participants (n=11 females) between the ages of 65 and 89 participated in the study. Between group comparisons revealed significant
differences between YO and MO in tTUG (10.563 ± 0.273 and 12.177 ± 0.383 seconds, YO and MO respectively, p=0.027), SPD (1.388 ± 0.039 and
1.232 ± 0.036 m/s YO and MO respectively, p=0.046), and avSL (1.344 ± 0.022 and 1.214 ± 0.025 YO and MO respectively, p=0.013). There was
no difference between groups in CAD (124.613 ± 2.213 and 122.662 ± 1.686 spm, YO and MO respectively, p=0.626). Across the sample, significant
correlations were found between tTUG and SPD (r=-0.917, p<0.0001), SPD and CAD (r=0.764, p<0.001), and SPD and avSL (r=0.882, p<0.0001). There
were no significant differences between group correlations.
Conclusion: This study indicates that in healthy older adults, young-old and middle- old adults modulate speed using stride length while maintaining
cadence.