There are many tephritid fruit fly species worldwide, a number of which pose a threat of introduction and establishment in new areas where they had not previously been present. Tephritid fruit fly larvae feeding in fruits and vegetables can ruin fruits and vegetables for local consumption as well as create concern for risk of introducing fly species to new areas through produce shipments. Using recently updated provisional host lists developed for 11 tephritid fruit fly species that have previously invaded, or have potential to invade, the U.S.A., 100 plant families, and 330 plant genera, are identified which include plant species for which natural field infestation by tephritid fruit flies has been documented. Although fruit fly species vary considerably in the range of host plants that they can infest, natural field infestation for one species, the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), has been documented in 76 plant families. Natural infestation by all 11 tephritid fruit fly species covered here has been documented in one family, Myrtaceae, while field infestation by 10 of the 11 fruit fly species have been documented in the Anacardiaceae, Rutaceae, and Sapotaceae families. Fruits in these plant families can be at risk of infestation by a wide range of invasive tephritid fruit fly species. Knowledge of the host status of different fruits and vegetables is needed in assessing the risk of fruit fly species in imported and exported fruit and vegetable commodities and for developing systems approaches and other mitigation measures to facilitate global trade.