This study’s purpose was a comparison of oil quality characteristics from two adult olive orchards (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) grown under two different environmental circumstances. The first is located around the main industrial factory in Sfax city, the Industrial Society of Phosphoric Acid and Fertilizers (polluted area) and the second is placed at 40km from the industrial unit and chosen as the control one (Control). Results of this study showed that olive production and oil content have decreased under polluted conditions. This decrease was accompanied with that of total phenol, oxidative stability, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Nevertheless, this decrease was significant only for the photosynthetic pigments contents. For the acid composition of polluted olive plants, a significant decrease was observed in the case of oleic acid in parallel with an increase of the palmitic and linoleic acids. Nevertheless, this increase was significant only for the linoleic acid and oil samples of both treatments were classified as “extra virgin”