From Tuberous Sclerosis to Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome: A Diagnostic Challenge Based on a Clinical Case - Abstract
Brooke-Spiegler Syndrome (BSS) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by multiple adnexal skin neoplasms such as spiradenomas,
cylindromas, and trichoepitheliomas. These tumors typically emerge during puberty and progressively increase in number and size throughout life. Due to
clinical similarities with other dermatological conditions, diagnosis is challenging and requires skin biopsy and histological examination.
We report a 56-year-old woman with a 34-year history of asymptomatic cutaneous lesions on her face and scalp, unresponsive to topical tacrolimus and
corticosteroids. Physical examination revealed several well-defined, skin-colored papular lesions on the central facial region and scalp. Biopsies confirmed the
presence of trichoepithelioma and spiradenoma. The patient also had a significant family history of the same condition affecting multiple relatives.
This case underscores the importance of considering BSS in patients presenting with multiple adnexal tumors and a familial pattern of skin neoplasms.
Early diagnosis is crucial due to the potential for malignant transformation in 5–10% of cases. Treatment remains challenging; although various modalities
like surgical excision and laser therapy are used, recurrence and excessive scarring are common. Our patient responded favorably to erbium laser therapy.