Introduction: Respiratory Bronchiolitis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RB-ILD) is a rare form of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia (IIP) and is almost exclusively linked to smoking. Nevertheless, there are few cases reported of RB-ILD among non-smoker patients since 1987, predominantly exposed to second-hand smoke. Since pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the changes in interstitium are yet unclear, RB-ILD is considered a demonstration of lung parenchymal response to the inhaled smoke. Case presentation: The case presents a 24 years old non-smoker female with a 6 months history of persistent cough, dyspnea, physical activity limitation, fever and palpitation, diagnosed as RB-ILD on the basis of clinical and subsequent radiological investigation findings. Discussion: The diagnosis of RB-ILD is based either on histopathological evidence only or combination of clinical manifestations and radiological findings. We compared our data with both ‘’smoker’’ and ‘’non-smoker’’ cases in order to highlight the differences and conclude whether the treatment may solely depend on the combination of clinical and radiological aspects. The available literature considers corticsteroids to be the drugs of choice in this state. The comparison evidenced that corticosteroid-dependant approach in attempt to subside the progress of the condition proves effective, with RB-ILD as diagnosis being the case, even without availability of the histopathological investigation. Conclusion: Dependence on the combination of clinical and radiological findings as basis for choosing the treatment plan, without subsequent histopathological validation, should be approved.