This paper provides an in-depth analysis of adaptive control mechanisms for Electric Vehicle (EV) systems, focusing on the various control units that govern vehicle dynamics and functionality. It offers a comprehensive overview of the essential control components in EVs, discussing their functionalities, integration, and impact on overall vehicle performance. The study delves into the adaptive control strategies employed within these systems, evaluating their effectiveness in responding to varying driving environments. Through this survey, the paper examines different approaches to adaptive control, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, the research explores the potential for improving EV performance and safety through advanced control techniques, considering factors such as energy efficiency, stability, and driver experience. This paper aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of adaptive control in Electric Vehicles and propose directions for future research and development.