Introduction: Optic nerve gliomas are rare tumors, accounting for around 5% of intracranial tumors in children. They are potentially aggressive both visually and cerebrally, which justifies a neurosurgical approach to their management. We report a case of optic nerve glioma managed at the Persis pediatric medical and surgical center in Ouahigouya. Methods: We describe a case of optic nerve glioma managed in May 2023 at Persis medical and surgical center of Ouahigouya. Observation: The patient was a 04-year-old male who presented with right-sided, painless, progressive exophthalmos that had been present for three months, without hyperthermia or headache. The patient had no known pathological history. Clinical examination revealed painless, non-axial exophthalmos, oculomotor nerve paresis and absence of light perception. Cerebral Computed Tomography (CT) revealed an isodense, intraconical tumor-like expansive process in contact with the nerve, with low enhancement on injection of iodinated contrast. Following a right latero-orbital approach with partial removal of the zygoma, the lesion was removed macroscopically in one piece. Macroscopically, the lesion was pearly-white and non-hemorrhagic. The anatomopathological study suggested a pilocytic astrocytoma of the optic nerve. Post-operative evolution after one year showed a decrease in exophthalmos, no light perception in the right eye and no recurrence. Conclusion: While most optic nerve gliomas are low-grade, their clinical course is unpredictable and highly variable. Indications for surgery are highly variable, and are unlikely to improve the patient’s visual prognosis if surgery has already begun