The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by mosquitoes. Patients infected with CHIKV usually develop an acute febrile illness after an incubation period of 5-7 days. The clinical features of chikungunya fever include high fever, maculopapular rash, headache, polyarthritis/arthralgias, myalgias, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Joint pain is limited to the peripheral joints and lasts for 7-10 days. Most infected people recover within weeks, but it has been reported that approximately ~25% of patients have had the disease for more than 2 months, about ~14% for more than 18 months, and up to ~5% remain symptomatic for 3-13 years after the initial infection, referring to these symptoms as chronic chikungunya arthritis (CCA). The present review addresses the epigenetics of CHIKV and its role in the pathogenesis of the virus, given the emergence and rapid dissemination of this condition that has become a public health problem worldwide, it is relevant to address to summarize the data known so far about CHIKV..