Association between Anti Topoisomerase I and Esophageal Dysmotility in Patients with Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis - Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of visceral organs with significant morbidity and mortality.
In SSc, the association between anti-topoisomerase/Scl70 (ATA) antibodies and esophageal dysmotility remains controversial given conflicting evidence from
prior works. Our retrospective study of 32 patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) aims to contribute to the body of work clarifying this relationship. Patients
underwent high resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) and serum autoantibody testing (ATA, RNA polymerase III (RP11/RP155), Ro52/TRIM21) within 3
months of HRM, with motility classified as per the Chicago Classification v3. Patients were characterized into “unmeasurable motility” (absent contractility) and
“measurable motility” (normal or ineffective esophageal motility.
Our results demonstrated 15 (47%) patients with unmeasurable and 17 (53%) with measurable motility respectively. Those with unmeasurable motility had
higher ATA levels (p=0.046), with the only two patients with normal motility having undetectable ATA levels. No significant motility differences were seen with
anti-RP11, RP155 or Ro52. Unlike previous works, our work included only patients with dsSSc reducing the effect of disease subtype on results and excluded
structural dysphagia through concurrent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Our work was limited by small sample sizes and semi-qualitative assays, however adds
to the growing literature suggesting an association between higher ATA level and esophageal dysmotility.