Significant progress has been made in the pathophysiological understanding, diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma. Therapeutic indications have become more and more codified taking into account a set of clinical and paraclinical parameters currently considered to be the most closely correlated to the prognosis of the disease. In terms of treatment, the triphasic approach based on induction, consolidation and maintenance is actually the gold standard. Autologous stem cell transplantation also remains systematic in eligible patients even in the era of new highly innovative and effective treatment. Finally, residual disease, one of the most powerful predictors of post-treatment evolution, is becoming increasingly important and will be most likely an integral part of the response criteria.