A Study of Association between Dose Fraction and Occlusion Rate in Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Intracranial Cerebral AVMs - Abstract
Introduction: Intracranial cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital malformations. For patients with Grade ? or higher on the Spetzler- Martin grade, radiotherapy or vascular embolization combined with surgery is considered. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been adopted for intracranial AVM and reported its high rate of obliteration and cure. However, intracranial AVM with large nidus volume is impossible to administer a sufficient prescribed radiation dose once, which leads to decreasing the obliteration rate. Recently, the effectiveness of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) for AVM has been reported. We examined the relationship between the prescribed dose and obliteration rate in patients with intracranial AVM patients treated with HSRT and evaluated the proper dose fraction.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 23 patients. We investigated the correlation between obliteration rates and a) nidus volume, b) per-fraction prescription dose, c) number of fractions, and d) the biological equivalent dose (BED) with an ?/? ratio of 3.
Results: Overall complete obliteration rate was 69.6%. When comparing the two groups with thresholds set at 4 ml and 10 ml, there was no significant difference in occlusion rates. The case group with a prescribed dose per fraction of >=7.5 Gy had a significantly higher nidus obliteration rate than that with a dose of <7.5 Gy. The 4-fraction case group had a significantly higher obliteration rate than the 5-fraction or more case group. In comparison with BED (?/ ?=3) based on the linear quadratic equations (LQ model), dose of >=100 Gy (EQD2) was associated with higher obliteration rate comparing with dose of <100 Gy, although the difference did not reach the significant level.
Conclusion: HSRT for intracranial AVMs performed at our institution showed an obliteration rate comparable to SRS without severe adverse events, although many of the patients had relatively large nidus.