Objectives: To correlate the texture analysis (TA) parameters of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articular disc images with the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods: A total of 110 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the TMJ were selected from patients with a history of TMD. TA of the articular disc was performed using the Mazda software, and the findings were correlated with the clinical characteristics of the patients and the morphology of the articular disc. The data were subjected to binary logistic regression, and the ROC curve was used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of each significant variable. Results: TA parameters were significantly altered in patients with TMD with clinical symptoms of muscle pain and clicking and with imaging changes in signal alteration and effusion. The click is the clinical condition with the most altered TA parameters. Conclusions: TA can improve the accuracy of TMD diagnosis by distinguishing between the clinical and imaging characteristics, helping in the decision-making process for the treatment of patients with TMD.