Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella Isolates from Abattoir and Dairy Farms in and Around Holeta Town, Oromia, Ethiopia - Abstract
A cross sectional study was carried out from February 2014 to April 2014 to isolate, identify and assess the antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonellafrom selected dairy farms and abattoir in Holeta town. A total of 232 samples were collected; 126 samples were from dairy farms (rectal feces, udder milk, pooled milkers hand swab, tank milk, tank swabs, and bucket swabs) while 106 samples from abattoir (carcass swab, rectal feces, pooled knives swab, pooled hanging materials and hand swab). The isolation and identification of Salmonella was carried out according to the techniques recommended by the international organization for standardization (ISO 6579, 2012). The overall proportion of Salmonella positive was found to be 5.6% (13/232). Of a total sample, 9.1%, 2.2%, 33.3%, 16.7%, 16.7 % and 6.7% was Salmonella positive observed from carcass swab, feces, pooled knives swab, poled hand swab, pooled hanging materials swab and udder milk, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p >0.079) observed in the proportion of Salmonella positive isolates among the sources. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of all isolates wasassessed against ten antimicrobials by disk diffusion technique; almost all isolates were resistant to one or more of the tested antimicrobials. Of all isolates 53.2% were multi drug resistant (MDR). 76.9%, 69.1%, and 38.5% of the isolates were resistant to streptomycin, chloramphenicol and ampicillin, respectively. However, the majority of the isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin. From this study, it is concluded that dairy farms and abattoir are a potential source of Salmonella infection with antimicrobial resistance. This is a significant threat to public health particularly to those who have direct or indirect contact to animal and animal products. Furthermore, hygienic management of dairy farms, abattoirs and prudent use of antimicrobials is recommended.