Review on Lump Skin Disease, its Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Prevention and Control Measured in North Shewa Zone - Abstract
Lumpy skin disease is an acute infectious disease of cattle endemic in most Sub-Saharan African countries and all agro-ecology climatic condition, also North Shewa Zone. It is caused by lumpy skin disease virus in the genus Capri-pox-virus and prototype strain Neethling Virus. Lumpy skin disease is characterized fever, enlarged lymph nodes, firm, and circumscribed nodules on skin and ulcerative lesions particularly in the mucous membrane of the mouth. The disease affected all breed, but exotic breeds highly susceptible than local breed however, young animals more severe affected than adult animals. Lumpy skin disease is the most economically significant trans-boundary, emerging a viral disease. The most common method of lumpy skin disease transmission is blood feeding biting flies. Occurrence of lumpy skin disease is highly wet seasons because of the population blood feeding vectors abundant. There is no specific treatment for the disease, but the animal can be treated with antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial complication. The methods to control lump skin disease is mass vaccination; restriction animal movement from disease area to disease free area, restrictions of import and export livestock and its products, control of vectors, quarantine station, proper disposal of animals and contaminated material.