Neonatal Outcome in context of Pregnant Women Meals in Remote Villages A Community Based Study - Abstract
Background: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is essential for desired birth outcome. The present study was conducted to gather information regarding
neonatal outcome in relation to pregnant women’s meals during pregnancy in tribal, rural communities.
Methodology: Community-based cross-sectional analytic study included all 3905 pregnant tribal women residing in 100 villages who delivered over 2
years and consented to participate in the study. Face-to-face interviews of participants regarding their everyday meals and neonatal outcome in relation to
maternal diet during pregnancy were conducted for 15-30 minutes using semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: Of 3905 women interviewed, majority (44.5%) belonged to ?20-?29 years, were illiterate (48.6%), agricultural labourers (46.2%), belonged
to lower economic class (41.0%), and had one or two previous childbirths (54.7%). Of all participants, 55.4% had three meals a day, 31.2% four meals a day,
and 13.4% had two meals per day. Most of the women who had 3-4 meals, irrespective of type of diet (vegetarian or mixed) had better neonatal outcomes
including term live births, AGA babies, and neonatal birthweight >2-2.5Kg. The maximum term stillbirths were in mothers who had two meals a day (2.1%).
Addition of eggs and milk to their daily diet improved the neonatal outcome.
Conclusion: In present study, 55.4% had three meals, all-inclusive every day, 31.2% four meals a day, and 13.4% had two meals per day. Neonatal
outcomes were found to be significantly associated with number of meals consumed during pregnancy. No significant association was found with the type of
meals (vegetarian or mixed), though adding eggs and milk to daily diet improved neonatal outcomes.