Purpose: The pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) have not yet been clarified. Bone marrow is an important sample source for studying the pathogenic mechanisms of ITP. In ITP bone marrow biopsy samples; it was desired to evaluate the effects of oxidative stress, apoptosis and antiapoptosis, which are accused in the etiology, by performing ghrelin, heat shock protein (Hsp)-70, Bcl-2 and Bax staining. The role of these parameters in the pathogenesis of ITP was investigated. The answer to the question of whether ITP can be predicted to be Newly Diagnosed (ndITP) or Chronic (cITP) was investigated with ghrelin, Hsp-70, Bcl-2 and Bax dye. Methods: Bone marrow biopsy samples of 45 retrospectively evaluated cases with ndITP (n: 23) and cITP (n: 22) were included in the study. The healthy Control Group (C) was consisted of 20 cases. Bone marrow examination samples taken on paraffin blocks were immunohistochemically; stained with ghrelin, Hsp-70, Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: Among the antioxidant parameters (ghrelin, Bcl-2, Hsp-70), only low ghrelin was detected. Ghrelin staining prevalence and score in cITP was lower than in ndITP (p<0.05). Ghrelin staining intensity was lower than ndITP and Control (p<0.05). Bax staining intensity was lower in all ITP cases compared to Control (p<0.05). Ghrelin/Bax staining score ratio was lower in cITP compared to ndITP (p<0.05). Conclusion: Antioxidant levels were found to be lower in ITP. Antioxidant level was lowest in cITP. Low levels of antioxidants in the bone marrow may indicate the diagnosis of ITP and the possibility of its chronicity.