Challenges in Door to Balloon Time of Myocardial Infarction: A Qualitative Study - Abstract
Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the most complicated type of myocardial infarction and often requires aggressive
and rapid medical treatment. Door-to-balloon (DTB) time is a quality indicator used to measure the promptness and the prognostic outcomes of percutaneous
coronary intervention (PCI). Delay in DTB time (>90 minutes) is influenced by many factors such as patient characteristics, health care practices, and health care
workers’ characteristics.
Aim: This study is a part of a large multi-phase study in a major tertiary care hospital in Oman. In this phase, the study aims to explore barriers and
challenges that are experienced by healthcare workers in the Emergency Room and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory in managing STEMI patients’ DTB time.
Method: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the views and experiences of nurses and doctors in the Emergency Room and the
Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis to build and refine a list of
themes and subthemes and identify supporting quotes.
Results: Ten nurses and doctors from the Emergency Room and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory were interviewed. The findings included three main
themes that encompass challenges in STEMI management: 1) Barriers to success, 2) People factors, and 3) Quality improvement.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest quality improvement strategies may include updating protocols on an ongoing basis to consider changes in
STEMI care management to achieve DTB time <90 minutes.