Objective: Using health claims data of approximately 3.4 million patients, we assessed cumulative incidence of hospitalization for heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in subgroups with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Germany. Methods: We selected two subgroups with background statin therapy: (1) patients with ASCVD and T2DM; (2) patients with ASCVD without T2DM. The cumulative incidence of specified hospitalizations was estimated using Kaplan-Meier. Results: In 2018, cumulative incidence of hospitalization for HF is 2.9% in patients with ASCVD+T2DM and 1.5% in patients with ASCVD-T2DM. Cumulative incidence of PAD-related hospitalization is 2.3% and 1.4%, respectively. There were slight differences among ASCVD+T2DM and ASCVD-T2DM in cumulative incidence of myocardial infarction (1.41% and 1.16%, respectively) and stroke (1.64% and 1.27%, respectively). Conclusions: Diabetes amplifies incidence of HF and PAD hospitalization in patients with ASCVD within 12 months. Systematic screening for cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes and vice versa should be regularly part of daily clinical routine.