Risk Factors for Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation after Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Open-Heart Surgery in Adults - Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass [CPB] during open-heart surgery is associated with
pulmonary complications, such as atelectasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome
[ARDS], pulmonary vascular injury and respiratory failure. Many patients require
prolonged mechanical ventilation [PMV] as a result. PMV is associated with longer
time in hospital, slowed recovery and increased mortality and morbidity. Therefore,
it is beneficial for the patient and the hospital that pre-operative, intra-operative,
and post-operative risk factors for PMV after CPB are identified and reduced. In
this review we have identified risk factors for PMV after CPB for open-heart surgery
in adults in order to provide a summary of these risk factors, and potential means
by which these risk factors may be reduced. We conclude that there is a need for
more studies in this area utilizing larger sample sizes and meta-analyses, in order to
adequately identify the factors that are consistently associated with PMV risk. This may
allow development of a scoring system for PMV risk, so that high-risk patients could be
identified prior to cardiac surgery