The kidneys, like the duodenum and the pancreas, are retroperitoneally located and this makes it hard to detect injury to them. The kidneys can be injured both by blunt and penetrating trauma. A high index of suspicion and mechanism of injury would help a clinician to diagnose injury to the kidneys. The injury is then confirmed by focused radiological examination. With the exclusion of exceptional cases, injury management involves non-operative management. This review briefly touches upon epidemiology, embryology, applied anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, clinical, laboratory as well as radiological findings, therapy, and complications.