The worldwide risk that the coronavirus pandemic presents to millions of people is widespread. The cause of this pandemic, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was initially determined in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, and it has since spread to other parts of the world. Early coronavirus identification improves the possibility of infection treatment and inhibits the virus’s transmission. The early detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 has made extensive use of spectroscopic methods, including infrared spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy can identify changes in the biochemical events occurring in cells before and after polio viral infection. However, because each spectral detection category uses a different detection technique, their sensitivity and specificity change. In this review, we present infrared spectroscopy methods for COVID-19 detection using most biological fluids, published between 2022 and 2024.