Aphasia and apraxia are two major neuropsychological syndromes that in most cases are caused by injuries in the left cerebral hemisphere. Clinical studies have revealed a double dissociation between aphasia and apraxia, and a strong correlation in their cerebral lateralization. These clinical observations suggest that aphasia and apraxia are independent syndromes. On the other hand, there are many parallels between language and praxis, including symbol representation and sequential motor control. The two syndromes are also similar in that their clinical variations can be classified into reception/production problems and semantic/non semantic problems. It appears that language and praxis systems make use of anatomically adjacent and possibly overlapping networks.