In vitro Selection and Hormonal Regulation in Cell Culture of Artemisia annua L. Plant - Abstract
An efficient in vitro method for multiple shoot bud induction and regeneration has been developed in Artemisia annua L. plant using leaf and stem explants in various concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators to evaluate the frequency of regeneration. Callus cultures were induced from leaf and stem explants of A. annua L., at different auxin and cytokinin concentrations. Moderate concentrations of plant growth regulators either in combination or in single in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium produced friable, light green and non-embryogenic callus from both explants. These totipotent cells gave rise to shoots when transferred to same or different plant growth regulator containing medium as second subculture. Direct shoot induction was raised from leaf and stem explants. High percentages of direct regeneration were obtained from leaf and stem explants on medium supplemented of BAP/NAA (1.5/0.05mg/L). Complete rooting was achieved on full and half strength basal MS medium supplemented with different auxin concentrations. Synergetic effect of plant growth regulator plays an important role in callus induction and cell differentiation. This system exhibited a potential for a rapid propagation of shoots from the leaf and stem explants and makes it possible to develop a clonal selection and propagation of high artemisinin yielding A. annua L. plants.