Góngora A (2025) Scientific Commentary on “Sperm Human Biobanking: An Overview”. JSM Invitro Fertil 5(1): 1027.

The history of biobanking dates back to the mid-20th century, with the establishment of the first formalized reservation for biological specimens. Initially, biobanking efforts were driven by the need to store human tissues and fluids for medical research, particularly in the fields of oncology and genetics. The expansion of large-scale population-based biobanks in the late 1990s and early 2000s, such as the UK Biobank and the National Cancer Institute’s biorepositories, revolutionized biomedical research by enabling longitudinal studies on disease etiology and progression.

Advancements in cryopreservation and molecular biology facilitated the development of specialized biobanks, including sperm biobanks, which played a crucial role in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Countries with well-established biobanking infrastructure, such as the United States and several European nations, developed robust regulatory frameworks that set the stage for global biobanking initiatives. Latin America, however, faced unique socioeconomic and regulatory challenges that delayed the widespread adoption of biobanking practices. I sincerely appreciate the interest in my manuscript, “Sperm Human Biobanking: An Overview.” The publication of this work represents a significant milestone in the discussion and development of sperm biobanking, particularly in Latin America. Below, I would like to provide an extended commentary on the evolution, challenges, and impact of sperm biobanking in Mexico and the broader region.

The Emergence of Sperm Biobanking in Mexico

I am honored to have played a pioneering role in establishing sperm biobanking in Mexico, serving as a reference for similar initiatives across Latin America. Thirty years ago, I initiated the first sperm biobank in Mexico, overcoming significant challenges to establish a program that has since flourished into one of the most successful reproductive preservation initiatives in the region. To date, we have cryopreserved over 95,000 sperm samples, which have been instrumental in assisted reproductive treatments and oncological fertility preservation. This milestone not only reflects the scientific and clinical advancements in the field but also underscores the essential role of biobanking in safeguarding reproductive potential for future generations.

A particularly significant impact of this initiative has been in oncology patients. Many individuals diagnosed with cancer, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, have been able to preserve their fertility through sperm cryopreservation before starting treatment. Over the years, we have witnessed remarkable success stories—some of the very first patients who cryopreserved their sperm three decades ago have now successfully used their samples to conceive healthy children. These cases illustrate the profound impact of biobanking, providing real-life reproductive solutions to patients who once faced uncertain futures due to life- threatening illnesses. Providing cancer survivors with the possibility of biological parenthood underscores the program’s far-reaching impact, not only in medical terms but also in the deeply personal and emotional aspects of their journeys.

Against this global backdrop, sperm biobanking in Mexico began in the early 1990s, marking a transformative moment in reproductive medicine in the country. I had the privilege of pioneering this project, facing numerous challenges in its initial stages. Regulatory uncertainties, technological limitations, and a lack of public awareness regarding fertility preservation were some of the primary obstacles. However, over time, the establishment of sperm banks has proven to be an invaluable asset to patients and the medical community.

I take great pride in being the pioneer of sperm biobanking in Mexico and a model for Latin America in this field. Thirty years ago, I initiated the first sperm biobank in Mexico, overcoming significant challenges to establish a program that has since flourished into one of the most successful reproductive preservation initiatives in the region. To date, we have cryopreserved over 95,000 sperm samples, which have been instrumental in assisted reproductive treatments and oncological fertility preservation. This milestone not only reflects the scientific and clinical advancements in the field but also underscores the essential role of biobanking in safeguarding reproductive potential for future generations.

Against this global backdrop, sperm biobanking in Mexico began in the early 1990s, marking a transformative moment in reproductive medicine in the country. I had the privilege of pioneering this project, facing numerous challenges in its initial stages. Regulatory uncertainties, technological limitations, and a lack of public awareness regarding fertility preservation were some of the primary obstacles. However, over time, the establishment of sperm banks has proven to be an invaluable asset to patients and the medical community.

Against this global backdrop, sperm biobanking in Mexico began in the early 1990s, marking a transformative moment in reproductive medicine in the country. I had the privilege of pioneering this project, facing numerous challenges in its initial stages. Regulatory uncertainties, technological limitations, and a lack of public awareness regarding fertility preservation were some of the primary obstacles. However, over time, the establishment of sperm banks has proven to be an invaluable asset to patients and the medical community. Sperm biobanking in Mexico began in the early 1990s, marking a transformative moment in reproductive medicine in the country. I had the privilege of pioneering this project, facing numerous challenges in its initial stages. Regulatory uncertainties, technological limitations, and a lack of public awareness regarding fertility preservation were some of the primary obstacles. However, over time, the establishment of sperm banks has proven to be an invaluable asset to patients and the medical community.

Initially, our focus was solely on cryopreserving donor sperm for use in assisted reproduction treatments. This approach aligned with global practices and served as a foundation for expanding the concept of sperm biobanking in Mexico. With continuous advancements in reproductive science and increased awareness, the scope of biobanking has since evolved significantly.

Expansion and Diversification of Biobanking Applications

Today, sperm biobanking in Mexico extends far beyond its original purpose. Key developments include: 

Cryopreservation for Oncological Patients: Many cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, pose a risk to male fertility. Sperm biobanking provides these patients with the opportunity to preserve their reproductive potential before undergoing treatment.

Elective Fertility Preservation: Increasingly, individuals who foresee potential fertility concerns in the future opt for sperm cryopreservation. This service has been particularly beneficial for professionals in high-risk occupations, including military personnel, oil industry workers, and other hazardous environments.

Post-Vasectomy Cryopreservation: Informed decision-making is crucial in reproductive choices. We have introduced the option of sperm cryopreservation for individuals considering vasectomy, allowing them to retain the possibility of biological parenthood if their circumstances change in the future.

Scientific and Social Impact

As we approach the 30th anniversary of sperm biobanking in Mexico in 2025, this initiative stands as the most successful program of its kind in the country and ranks among the top three in Latin America. The impact of sperm biobanking extends beyond individual patients, influencing research, medical education, and public health policies. The integration of biobanking into routine clinical practice has facilitated advancements in reproductive technology, genetic studies, and personalized medicine.

Despite its success, challenges remain, including the need for standardized regulations across Latin America, sustainable funding models, and broader public awareness campaigns to ensure accessibility to sperm banking services. Continued collaboration between scientific institutions, policymakers, and healthcare providers is essential for addressing these challenges and maximizing the benefits of biobanking.

Sperm biobanking in Mexico has evolved from a pioneering initiative to an established and critical component of reproductive healthcare. The lessons learned from this experience serve as a blueprint for other regions aiming to develop robust fertility preservation programs. As reproductive medicine advances, sperm biobanking will continue to play a fundamental role in safeguarding fertility options for future generations.

I deeply appreciate the opportunity to contribute to this field and welcome further discussions on the progress and future directions of sperm biobanking worldwide.